Heren is the website I found about Egyptain God and Mythology:
http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/egypt/religion/mythology.htm
Ancient Egyptians tried to understand their place in the universe and their mythology centers itself on nature, the earth, sky, moon, sun, stars, and the Nile River. Heliopolis, the City of the Sun, is located in the ruins of Yunu in northeast Cairo. And the cosmic creation of Egyptian myth began here. Ancient Egyptian mythology states all began with Nu. Nu is the description of what the planet was before land appeared. It was a vast area of swirling watery chaos and as the floods receded the land appeared. The first god to appear out of this watery mess was Atum. This myth was probably created because of the large source of water from the Nile River.
Atum emerged from Nu as the sun god at the beginning of time and is the creator of the world. The ancient Egyptians found the bisexual act acceptable, as they found all types of sexual orientations acceptable. Atum gave birth to two children by spitting out his son-Shu and vomiting up his daughter-Tefnut. Shu represented the air and the principles of life and Tefnut represented rain and principles of order. Shu and Tefnut later gave birth to Geb, the god of the earth in which the throne of the Pharaoh would be decided. Nut was also born from Tefnut and Shu as the Goddess of the sky, the separator between earth and Nu. Nut was also born from Tefnut and Shu as the Goddess of the sky, the separator between earth and Nu. Then Geb and Nut gave birth to Osiris, Isis, Seth, and Nephthys.
In ancient Egyptian mythology there is an established kinship of the gods and goddesses. Atum is known also as Khepri, the great scarab beetle, Ra-Harakhte, the winged-solar disk, Ra, the midday sun, Aten, the solar-disk, or Horus on the Horizon. Atum, is the one and only creator in the universe. The sun god Atum travels along Nut during the day and then is swallowed by Nut at night. At dawn it is seen as Nut giving birth to Atum as the sky opens up to the light.
One of the most famous Egyptian myths is the myth of Osiris. Osiris has been credited with many different titles, god of fertility, king of the dead, god of agriculture, god of the underworld, controller of the Nile floods, the rising and setting of the sun. All of these titles have one thing in common: life, death, and rebirth because the myth of Osiris is attributed to his life, murder, and eternal life after death. The myth of Osiris begins when he sets out to spread law and order across the land and to teach people how to farm. Because Osiris was a powerful king and popular with the people, his jealous brother lured him into a coffin and sealed his fate with molten lead. Seth then sent him down the Nile River in the coffin. Later the coffin washed ashore in Lebanon and a tree encased it. A king of Lebanon was impressed by the size of the tree and cut it down and put it in his palace.
Isis was the wife and sister to Osiris who gave birth to Horus and was the protector of the dead. When she received the news of Osiris's death, she knew the dead could not rest without a proper burial. Isis searched and found Osiris' body and brought it back to Egypt. Seth found this unacceptable and cut Osiris into many pieces and scattered them throughout Egypt. Isis set out again and had all the pieces she found made into wax duplicates. All the wax duplicates were placed in the temple to be worshipped. Isis preserved his body with linen bandages, used her magic and breathed life back into Osiris. Osiris then rose as a God-King and he chose to rule the underworld. This is where the roots of mummification and rebirth into the afterworld began.
Wednesday, February 27, 2008
Wednesday, February 13, 2008
Egyptian Mummies
Here is the website that I found about the Egyptian Mummies:
http://www.worsleyschool.net/socialarts/mummy/page.html
Mummies are bodies that have been preserved after death.Although many long-ago cultures prepared their dead as mummies, the most well-known examples are the mummies prepared by the ancient Egyptians. The Egyptians believed that it was necessary to preserve a body in order to allow the soul to survive.
The earliest ancient Egyptian mummies were preserved by heat and dryness, the heat and dryness of the sand dehydrated the bodies quickly. Later, the Egyptians began putting the dead bodies into coffins to protect them from the desert. But the mommies dacayed in the coffins. Over many centuries, the Egyptians embalmed the dead bodies and wrapped them in strips of linen.
Egyptian embalming methods involved the removal of the brain and organs from the body. And then the body was immersed in carbonate of soda, and the cavities were filled with a mixture of herbs, salt, and other substances. Finally, the body was wound with cloths saturated with similar materials.
The mummification process took seventy days. Special priests did the embalming, and it took the detailed knowledge of human anatomy. The brain was removed by carefully inserting special hooked instruments up through the nostrils, in order to pull out bits of brain tissue. It was a delicate operation, it was really easy to disfigure the face when they did this.
The embalmers then removed the organs through a cut made on the side of the abdomen. They left only the heart in place, believing it to be the center of a person's being and intelligence. Next, moisture was removed from the remaining tissue by packing the insides with a type of salt. After this was removed, the mummy was made even more life-like by filling sunken areas of the body with linen and other materials. And then they added the fake eyes, and painted the bodies usually. And for adornment, they added the jewelry. And the wrapping of the mummy. Every part of the body was wrapped individually. For instance, the hands, head, arms, feet, legs were all wrapped separately from the rest of the body. Each mummy needed hundreds of yards of linen, along with warm resin to seal the layers of fabric.
The Egyptians were really good at embalming. The feet of mummies, when unwrapped after as much as 3000 years, are often still soft and elastic. The historians estimate that by AD 700, when the practice had died out, the Egyptians had embalmed approximately 730 million bodies. archaeologists believe that millions are still preserved in undiscovered tombs and burial places. Many are probably in their original coffins, which were often, if the deceased was rich, decorated to resemble the person who had died.
http://www.worsleyschool.net/socialarts/mummy/page.html
Mummies are bodies that have been preserved after death.Although many long-ago cultures prepared their dead as mummies, the most well-known examples are the mummies prepared by the ancient Egyptians. The Egyptians believed that it was necessary to preserve a body in order to allow the soul to survive.
The earliest ancient Egyptian mummies were preserved by heat and dryness, the heat and dryness of the sand dehydrated the bodies quickly. Later, the Egyptians began putting the dead bodies into coffins to protect them from the desert. But the mommies dacayed in the coffins. Over many centuries, the Egyptians embalmed the dead bodies and wrapped them in strips of linen.
Egyptian embalming methods involved the removal of the brain and organs from the body. And then the body was immersed in carbonate of soda, and the cavities were filled with a mixture of herbs, salt, and other substances. Finally, the body was wound with cloths saturated with similar materials.
The mummification process took seventy days. Special priests did the embalming, and it took the detailed knowledge of human anatomy. The brain was removed by carefully inserting special hooked instruments up through the nostrils, in order to pull out bits of brain tissue. It was a delicate operation, it was really easy to disfigure the face when they did this.
The embalmers then removed the organs through a cut made on the side of the abdomen. They left only the heart in place, believing it to be the center of a person's being and intelligence. Next, moisture was removed from the remaining tissue by packing the insides with a type of salt. After this was removed, the mummy was made even more life-like by filling sunken areas of the body with linen and other materials. And then they added the fake eyes, and painted the bodies usually. And for adornment, they added the jewelry. And the wrapping of the mummy. Every part of the body was wrapped individually. For instance, the hands, head, arms, feet, legs were all wrapped separately from the rest of the body. Each mummy needed hundreds of yards of linen, along with warm resin to seal the layers of fabric.
The Egyptians were really good at embalming. The feet of mummies, when unwrapped after as much as 3000 years, are often still soft and elastic. The historians estimate that by AD 700, when the practice had died out, the Egyptians had embalmed approximately 730 million bodies. archaeologists believe that millions are still preserved in undiscovered tombs and burial places. Many are probably in their original coffins, which were often, if the deceased was rich, decorated to resemble the person who had died.
Wednesday, January 30, 2008
Egypt
Here is the cool website that I found about Egypt :
http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/menu.html
Daily life in ancient Egypt revolved around the Nile and the fertile land along its banks. The Nile flooded every year, and each flooding enriched the soil and brought good harvests and wealth to the Egypt land. The Egyptian built mud brick homes in villages and in the country, grew some of their own food and traded in the villages for the food.
The ancient Egyptians thought of Egypt as being divided into two types of land, the "black land" and the "red land". The "black land" was the fertile land on the shores of the Nile. The Egyptians grew their crops there. This was the only land in ancient Egypt that could be farmed because a layer of rich, black silt was deposited there every year after the Nile flooded. The 'red land' was the barren desert that protected Egypt on two sides.
The ancient Egyptians believed in many different gods and goddesses. The ancient Egyptians believed that it was important to recognize and worship these gods and goddesses so that life continued smoothly.
The earliest ancient Egyptians buried the dead bodies in small pits in the desert. The heat and dryness of the sand dehydrated the bodies quickly, creating lifelike and natural "mummies". And later, the Egyptians started burying the dead bodies in the coffins to protect them not to be eaten by the scavengers. But the dead bodies in coffins decayed because the bodies in coffins were isolated with hot, dry sand of the dessert. Over many centuries, the Egyptians found their way of preparing the bodies. They embalming the dead bodies and wrapping them in strips of linen. And today, we call this process mummification.
The most powerful person in ancient Egypt was the pharaoh. The pharaoh was the political and religious leader of the Egyptian people. He owned all of the land, made laws, collected taxes, and defended Egypt against foreigners. Many pharaohs went to war when their land was threatened or when they wanted to control foreign lands. If the pharaoh won the battle, the conquered people had to recognize the Egyptian pharaoh as their ruler and offer him the finest and most valuable goods from their land.
Pyramids are the tombs of the pharaohs and their queens. The pharaohs were buried in of many different shapes and sizes from before the beginning of the Old Kingdom to the end of the Middle Kingdom. The Egyptian built about eighty pyramids that we have known until today. The three biggest and best-preserved pyramids were built in Giza at the beginning of the Old Kingdom. The most famous pyramid of them was the one built for the pharaoh Khufu. It is known as the "Great Pyramid".
The ancient Egyptians believed that temples were the homes of the gods and goddesses. Every temple was dedicated to a god or goddess and he or she was worshipped there by the temple priests and the pharaoh. The large temple buildings were made of stone, and they would sustain there for a long time. The walls were covered with scenes that were carved onto the stone then brightly painted. And they showed the pharaoh fighting in battles and performing rituals with the gods and goddesses.
The believed that it was important to record and communicate information about religion and goveancient Egyptians rnment. The most famous scripts of the ancient Egyptian are hieroglyphic. They used the crypts; scribes were able to preserve the beliefs, history and ideas of ancient Egypt in temple and tomb walls and on papyrus scrolls.
From the end of middle kingdom until today are more than 3700 years, we still not sure how could old Egyptian carried the heavy stones from the place far, far away without machines. And cut the stones perfectly, then built the huge pyramids perfectly by manpower. There are still a lot of mysteriousness that we don't know, and we'll continue looking for the answers.
http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/menu.html
Daily life in ancient Egypt revolved around the Nile and the fertile land along its banks. The Nile flooded every year, and each flooding enriched the soil and brought good harvests and wealth to the Egypt land. The Egyptian built mud brick homes in villages and in the country, grew some of their own food and traded in the villages for the food.
The ancient Egyptians thought of Egypt as being divided into two types of land, the "black land" and the "red land". The "black land" was the fertile land on the shores of the Nile. The Egyptians grew their crops there. This was the only land in ancient Egypt that could be farmed because a layer of rich, black silt was deposited there every year after the Nile flooded. The 'red land' was the barren desert that protected Egypt on two sides.
The ancient Egyptians believed in many different gods and goddesses. The ancient Egyptians believed that it was important to recognize and worship these gods and goddesses so that life continued smoothly.
The earliest ancient Egyptians buried the dead bodies in small pits in the desert. The heat and dryness of the sand dehydrated the bodies quickly, creating lifelike and natural "mummies". And later, the Egyptians started burying the dead bodies in the coffins to protect them not to be eaten by the scavengers. But the dead bodies in coffins decayed because the bodies in coffins were isolated with hot, dry sand of the dessert. Over many centuries, the Egyptians found their way of preparing the bodies. They embalming the dead bodies and wrapping them in strips of linen. And today, we call this process mummification.
The most powerful person in ancient Egypt was the pharaoh. The pharaoh was the political and religious leader of the Egyptian people. He owned all of the land, made laws, collected taxes, and defended Egypt against foreigners. Many pharaohs went to war when their land was threatened or when they wanted to control foreign lands. If the pharaoh won the battle, the conquered people had to recognize the Egyptian pharaoh as their ruler and offer him the finest and most valuable goods from their land.
Pyramids are the tombs of the pharaohs and their queens. The pharaohs were buried in of many different shapes and sizes from before the beginning of the Old Kingdom to the end of the Middle Kingdom. The Egyptian built about eighty pyramids that we have known until today. The three biggest and best-preserved pyramids were built in Giza at the beginning of the Old Kingdom. The most famous pyramid of them was the one built for the pharaoh Khufu. It is known as the "Great Pyramid".
The ancient Egyptians believed that temples were the homes of the gods and goddesses. Every temple was dedicated to a god or goddess and he or she was worshipped there by the temple priests and the pharaoh. The large temple buildings were made of stone, and they would sustain there for a long time. The walls were covered with scenes that were carved onto the stone then brightly painted. And they showed the pharaoh fighting in battles and performing rituals with the gods and goddesses.
The believed that it was important to record and communicate information about religion and goveancient Egyptians rnment. The most famous scripts of the ancient Egyptian are hieroglyphic. They used the crypts; scribes were able to preserve the beliefs, history and ideas of ancient Egypt in temple and tomb walls and on papyrus scrolls.
From the end of middle kingdom until today are more than 3700 years, we still not sure how could old Egyptian carried the heavy stones from the place far, far away without machines. And cut the stones perfectly, then built the huge pyramids perfectly by manpower. There are still a lot of mysteriousness that we don't know, and we'll continue looking for the answers.
Wednesday, January 23, 2008
Cuneiform Writing
Here is the website that I found about the cuneiform writing:
http://i-cias.com/e.o/cuneiform.htm
Cuneiform writing originated in southern Mesopotamia, and was created in the Sumerian culture in C3100BC, and was used until about year 0. Cuneiform is made of wedge-shaped strokes, and inscribed on clay, stone, metal, wax...... etc. It was for writing in the Sumerian language, and it used for Acadian, Babylonian and Assyrian later. Cuneiform developed into the dominant writing style of the Middle East, and it even spread to Egypt, but it was normally and preferred to write hieroglyphic there. In first stages of cuneiform writing, it was based on pictographs, but for practical reasons, the system based on straight lines came to prevails. The pictographs changed into symbols made from straight lines, and numbers were represented by repeated strokes or circles. In its early stages, cuneiform was written from top to bottom. During the 3rd millennium BCE, this changed into writing from left to right. The signs also took on new form, being turned on their sides.
I learned that people invent the words gradually to connection with other people, and this is the progress of the civilization. "Every step leaves its print" people developed the civilization little by little, and become the modern world now.
http://i-cias.com/e.o/cuneiform.htm
Cuneiform writing originated in southern Mesopotamia, and was created in the Sumerian culture in C3100BC, and was used until about year 0. Cuneiform is made of wedge-shaped strokes, and inscribed on clay, stone, metal, wax...... etc. It was for writing in the Sumerian language, and it used for Acadian, Babylonian and Assyrian later. Cuneiform developed into the dominant writing style of the Middle East, and it even spread to Egypt, but it was normally and preferred to write hieroglyphic there. In first stages of cuneiform writing, it was based on pictographs, but for practical reasons, the system based on straight lines came to prevails. The pictographs changed into symbols made from straight lines, and numbers were represented by repeated strokes or circles. In its early stages, cuneiform was written from top to bottom. During the 3rd millennium BCE, this changed into writing from left to right. The signs also took on new form, being turned on their sides.
I learned that people invent the words gradually to connection with other people, and this is the progress of the civilization. "Every step leaves its print" people developed the civilization little by little, and become the modern world now.
Thursday, January 17, 2008
Young Adult Fiction
Here is the website about young adult fiction books that I found:
http://dadtalk.typepad.com/cybils/2008/01/2007-young-adul.html
And here is the book that I would be interesting in reading:
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/141692423X/cybils0c-20
http://dadtalk.typepad.com/cybils/2008/01/2007-young-adul.html
And here is the book that I would be interesting in reading:
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/141692423X/cybils0c-20
This book is about a young girl--Billie Standish--'s story. She had a lot of heart and soul, and her life was about to change forever when the rains come pouring down. She has a friend Miss Lydia, whose her neighbor. And there were danger lurks close to them, but they didn't discover it. This story is about the friendship, courage, and devotion.
I like it because Billie Standish and her friend, Lydia were really good friends. When the adversities were coming, they still help each other in the rackets. They exhibited the friendships, courages, and the togethernesses. I think I would be vibrated by the heart-stirring story.
I seldom see the books of Chinese like this, it is pretty special.
I think it may be alittle hard for me to read this book, but I could read with my reliable electronic dictionary. Therefore, I would read it for a longer time, But I still love this book.
Saturday, January 05, 2008
It's a New Year
I was really happy in 2007 ! !
I went to Ken ting last year, we were so happy there. I still think of the time that I went there; I'm hope so much that I am still there. I read a lot of books in 2007, like Harry Potter, The Lord of the Rings, Narnia, many comic books and a variety of books of science, I was really enjoy reading them, and I learned a lot from them.
I have graduated from elementary school to junior high school last year; I missed the time during the elementary school and my friends very much. Even we study in different junior high school, we're still friends. I became a junior high school student, I met many new classmates, and made a lot of friends.
When I was studying in junior high school, I learned a lot more things that I didn't know in elementary school. But it means that my schoolwork would be a lot more than elementary school, Math Science, Chinese, English and Social studies are harder. And there are more tests in junior high school, too. Therefore, I must study harder in 2008, and start preparing the big test 3 years later. And I have to cultivate my ability of reading English, and then get a better job in the future.
I went to Ken ting last year, we were so happy there. I still think of the time that I went there; I'm hope so much that I am still there. I read a lot of books in 2007, like Harry Potter, The Lord of the Rings, Narnia, many comic books and a variety of books of science, I was really enjoy reading them, and I learned a lot from them.
I have graduated from elementary school to junior high school last year; I missed the time during the elementary school and my friends very much. Even we study in different junior high school, we're still friends. I became a junior high school student, I met many new classmates, and made a lot of friends.
When I was studying in junior high school, I learned a lot more things that I didn't know in elementary school. But it means that my schoolwork would be a lot more than elementary school, Math Science, Chinese, English and Social studies are harder. And there are more tests in junior high school, too. Therefore, I must study harder in 2008, and start preparing the big test 3 years later. And I have to cultivate my ability of reading English, and then get a better job in the future.
Saturday, December 29, 2007
Ecard
Here is the website that I made the ecard to teacher Joyce :
http://www.hallmark.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/category11000110051147551147551ecardsunEcardandMoreE-Cards%20&%20Photo%20Cards?lid=unEcardandMore
It can make Ecard of New Year, premium, birthday, thank you, favorite charaters, everyday laughs or send with games. It's a really great website, there are a variety of Ecards that you can choose. But the defect is that some of the Ecards cost money, but there are many free Ecards that I can choose either.
http://www.hallmark.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/category11000110051147551147551ecardsunEcardandMoreE-Cards%20&%20Photo%20Cards?lid=unEcardandMore
It can make Ecard of New Year, premium, birthday, thank you, favorite charaters, everyday laughs or send with games. It's a really great website, there are a variety of Ecards that you can choose. But the defect is that some of the Ecards cost money, but there are many free Ecards that I can choose either.
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